Synthesis and characterization of Ba-Ferrite with variation of Nd₂O₃ additive by powder metallurgy method

Ba-ferrite is a material permanent magnet (PM) with formula stoichiometry BaFe₁₂O₁₉. In this experiment, that Ba-ferrite with additive 0%, 0,5% and 1,0 %wt. Nd₂O₃ have been made by using raw materials: BaCO₃ (p.a) and Fe₂O₃ (p.a). The raw materials and additive were mixed and milled by using a ball mill for 24 hours and milling media is aquadest. After that the samples were dried at 100°C for 6 hours and then the samples were calcined at temperature 1000°C for 2 hours by using electrical furnace. The calcined samples were milled by using a ball mill for 6 hours and sieved until passing 400 mesh. That after all the powders were formed by using hydraulic pressure machine at pressure 40 MPa to obtain a pellet. The pellet was sintered with heating rate 10 °C / minute and at temperature 1150°C and holding time was 1 hour. According the characterization results show that the optimum of additive composition is 0.5%wt.Nd₂O₃, at this condition, the magnetic properties can increase about 40 %, where remanence value (mr) is 33.72 emu/g, the coercivity value (Hc) is 2.907 kOe and flux magnetic value is 650 Gauss. According the xrd results shows that the peak of Nd₂O₃ phase does not appear at sample with 0.5 % Nd₂O₃, but it appears at sample with 1.0 % Nd₂O₃. (paper)