Charged particle bunching with a three gap buncher

Process described of charged particles bunching which results from the modulation of the initial velocity of the particles in three drift-separated gaps. This process has been studied from the point of the theory of kinematics. Ratios have been obtained for the dependence of the particle phase alternating component in a bunch formation section and a relative spread of energies upon the phase of the particle entry into the first gap. The above dependences have been presented for two alternatives: ω frequency voltage has been excited in the first gap and 2ω frequency voltage in the other two gaps; ω frequency voltage has been excited in the first and third gaps and 2ω frequency voltage in the intermediate gap. The results of particle bunching for a number of concrete parameters of the buncher are ilustrated by graph dependences. It is shown that 90% of the particles arranged before the buncher in 2π phase interval may be bunched with the buncher in the phase interval approximating 40 deg and bunches may be formed with a phase width of about 15 deg containing about 80% of the particles of the bunched beam