Radioactive waste management in Kenya: Presently and the near future

The experiences and plans of the Radiation Protection Board (RPB) in the management of radioactive wastes (RW) are described. The RPB was established by the Radiation Protection Act which was enacted to protect man and the environment from the harmful effects of ionizing radiation. The secretariat of the RPB basically implements the policies formulated. The interplay between the RPB, RW producers and proposed RW managers is covered. Results of a two year service of a RWM programme is elaborated. Recommendations by experts from the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) have not yet been followed and hence while the RPB regulates importation, generation, ownership and use of radioactive materials, it has not started licensing disposal of RW, although some RW is released to the environment via incineration, sewerage and municipal landfills. Also unlicensed pits have been used to bury uncombustible RW. Failure to have an operational organization to follow through on plans to develop and exotic waste management programme prompted a number of institutions using unsealed sources to build their own waste management facilities. Experience gained has demonstrated that: (a) More than 80% on in-house generated waste can be treated. (b) Reliance on the somewhat uncertain future of external waste management programmes has resulted in hastily availed storage facility for untreated and conditioned waste. (c) The waste management programme and plant developed are effective working models on which other institutions can base their own waste management programmes. The rights and responsibilities of the RPB and an operating body to handle generated RW and implement RWM should be clearly defined and subordination should be separated. This will enable the operator to carry out all operational functions required to comply with the national regulatory requirements and the RPB will exercise full control of RW arising in Kenya and their safe management. (author). 9 refs