2.4.3. Acid decomposition of bentonite clays

Physicochemical aspects of processing of bentonite clays of Sharshar deposit are studied. The methods of obtaining of mixed coagulants and sorbents for water purification are elaborated. Chemical and mineralogical composition of bentonite of Sharshar deposit is considered. Dependence of component extraction rate on temperature, process duration, and concentration of hydrochloric acid is considered as well. Kinetics of obtaining of aluminium-iron coagulant from bentonite clays for Al₂O₃ and Fe₂O₃ is defined. The of apparent activation energy is calculated. Coagulating ability of aluminium-iron containing solutions is studied. The flowsheet of obtaining of mixed coagulants and sorbents from bentonite clays is elaborated. Physicochemical properties of initial bentonite clays and products of their processing by sulfuric and hydrochloric acids are studied by means of X-ray analysis, differential thermal analysis, and silicate methods.