Einstein's materialism and modern tests of quantum mechanics

After a presentation of Einstein's and Bohr's antagonistic point of view on the interpretation of Quantum Mechanics an illustration of their conflicting positions in the particular case of Young's double slit experiment is presented. It is then shown that in their most recent form (i.e. time dependent neutron interferometry) these experiments suggest (if one accepts absolute energy-momentum conservation in all individual microprocesses) that Einstein was right in the Bohr-Einstein controversy. (author)