Glashow-Weinberg-Salam theory of electroweak interactions and the neutral currents

In the first part of the review we expound in detai the unified theory of weak and electromagnetic interactions of Glashow, Weinberg and Salam. In the second part, on the basis of this theory a number of the neutral current induced processes are discussed. We consider in detail the deep inelastic scattering of neutrinos and nucleons, the P-odd asymmetry in the deep inelastic scattering of longitudinally polarized electrons by nucleons, the scattering of neutrinos on electrons, the elastic scattering of neutrinos on nucleons, and the electron-positron annihilation into leptons. (orig.)