Unique pattern of interleukin 2 receptor expression by lymphocytes in response to anti-LEU 4: relationship to monocyte accessory cell function

The relationship between early interleukin 2 receptor (IL2R) expression and subsequent DNA synthesis by mitogen-stimulated human mononuclear cells (MC) was studied. For serial dilutions of a given mitogen, the percentage of lymphocytes expressing IL2R after 1 day of culture was plotted vs 3H-thymidine incorporation on day 3, and the IL2R value associated with 50,000 counts per minute (IL2R-50K) determined. A mean IL2R-50K value of 7 characterized PHA, Con A, and OKT3 responses, while a higher value of 29 characterized anti-Leu 4 (L4) responses. As tested on OKT3 and L4 systems, exogenous IL2 did not alter IL2R-50K values. Because OKT3 and L4 both recognize the lymphocyte CD3 antigen, but react with different monocyte Fc receptors, the role of monocytes in producing elevated L4 IL2R-50K values was explored. MC from healthy L4 nonresponders (NR), induced to proliferate by L4 in the presence of responder (R) monocytes, also yielded an elevated mean IL2R-50K value of 31. In contrast, direct stimulation of R-MC, NR-MC, or NR-MC plus R monocytes by L4-coated sepharose beads produced mean IL2R-50K values of 12 or 13. These findings suggest that crosslinking of lymphocyte-bound soluble L4 by R monocytes leads to uniquely elevated pattern of lymphocyte IL2R expression. Crosslinking mediated by L4-beads, however, leads to a more conventional pattern of IL2R expression, even though R monocytes may be present