Linear and nonlinear optical properties of Bi-doped germano-silicate optical fiber

An optical fiber doped with bismuth was fabricated using the modified chemical vapor deposition method. Both the linear and nonlinear optical properties of the glass fiber were investigated. The resonant nonlinear refractive index was found to be around 3 × 10−15 m2 W−1, which is five orders of magnitude larger than the non-resonant nonlinear refractive index of commercially available single-mode silica fiber. The high resonant nonlinearity of the Bi-doped fiber was attributed as arising from Si-related bismuth active centers. (paper)