The effect of high viscosity on the evolution of the bifurcation set of a periodically excited gas bubble

In this study, a nonlinear investigation of a periodically driven gas bubble in glycerine is presented. The bifurcation structure of the bubble oscillator (Keller–Miksis equation) is explored in the pressure amplitude-frequency parameter plane of the excitation by means of initial (high resolution bi-parametric plots) and boundary value problem solvers at various ambient temperatures. The range of the applied temperature covers two orders of magnitude difference in the liquid viscosity which is the main damping factor of the system. Therefore, the evolution of the harmonic and ultraharmonic resonances are presented starting with an overdamped behaviour (there are no resonances in the parameter space) and ending up with a fully developed bifurcation superstructure. The results reveal a complex period bubbling mechanism organized in a Farey-tree; inside each bubble a fine substructure of alternating chaotic and periodic bands exist. The description of the bifurcation structure presented throughout the paper can help to understand the mechanism of dissipation on the behaviour of nonlinear systems in more detail.