European energy: how to avoid the shock?

This document reproduces the interventions and discussions between professionals of the energy sector on energy challenges in France and in Europe within the context of a required reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. After an introductive contribution commenting the evolution of the various sources of energy, notably renewable energies, and the expected energy savings after the 'Grenelle de l'Environnement' in France, round tables have been occasion of discussions on different topics: the energy security or the origin of to-morrow hydrocarbons, the right balance for the energy mix, the needs in research and development and its financing, the after-Kyoto perspectives, the concept of acceptability (for example for different energy projects like gas pipelines, or for a carbon tax). A last contribution comments the results of a survey of the perceptions and behaviours of French people with respect to energy conservation