Effect of an electric field on the nonlinear optical rectification of a quantum ring

We have studied the effects of an external electric field on the nonlinear optical rectification of a semiconductor quantum ring. An electric field applied in the ring plane destroys the rotational invariance. Calculations are performed by using the matrix diagonalization method and the compact density-matrix approach within the effective-mass approximation. The results indicate that an increase of electric field gives the red shift of the peak positions of nonlinear optical rectification. The roles of ring size and magnetic field strength as control parameters on this nonlinear property have been investigated. Our results show rich nonlinear optical rectification for quantum rings in the presence of electric fields, which effectively displays the signature of the Aharonov–Bohm oscillation.