First Measurement of the Neutron β Asymmetry with Ultracold Neutrons

We report the first measurement of an angular correlation parameter in neutron β decay using polarized ultracold neutrons (UCN). We utilize UCN with energies below about 200 neV, which we guide and store for ∼30 s in a Cu decay volume. The interaction of the neutron magnetic dipole moment with a static 7 T field external to the decay volume provides a 420 neV potential energy barrier to the spin state parallel to the field, polarizing the UCN before they pass through an adiabatic fast passage spin flipper and enter a decay volume, situated within a 1 T field in a 2x2π solenoidal spectrometer. We determine a value for the β-asymmetry parameter A0=-0.1138±0.0046±0.0021