Incidental paranasal sinuses abnormalities in pediatric patients using computed tomography of the head and orbits

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and appearance of incidental paranasal sinuses abnormalities in children with no clinical evidence of rhino sinusitis using CT scans. Materials and methods: CT scans of the head or orbits of children between 0 and 18 years of age performed due to problems not related to rhino sinusitis were studied. Results: Sixty-four children were included (mean age 5.7 years; standard deviation = 3.9). Incidental sinuses abnormalities were found in 46 cases (72%). In most cases the abnormalities were mild (25/46) and mucosal thickening was the most common finding. Complete opacification and fluid levels occurred in 12 children. More than one cavity was affected in 33 patients and abnormalities were most frequently seen in maxillary sinuses, followed by ethmoid sinuses. Bilateral and symmetric findings were common. The prevalence and intensity of abnormalities were higher in children below three years of age. Conclusion: Incidental abnormalities are highly prevalent and tend to be mild in children without symptoms of rhino sinusitis. The most prevalent abnormality was mucosal thickening. Moderate and severe abnormalities occur in children below three years of age. (author)