What did we learn from ecologic studies performed on the long term on fauna and flora of areas contaminated by the Chernobyl and Fukushima accidents?

Based on several published studies, this report proposes a synthetic overview of observations made on the consequences of the Chernobyl and Fukushima accidents on fauna and flora in contaminated areas. It is noticed that, due to the complexity of multidisciplinary approaches, results and conclusions are often contradictory among these publications. These publications may concern various animal and vegetal species. For examples, various studies noticed morphological anomalies on pine trees without establishing a clear dose-effects relationship. Studies on invertebrates depend on the studied species, and evolutions on both sites can be different. As far as birds are concerned, it seems that there is a correlation between a loss of abundance and the ambient dose rate. Apparently, the evacuation of human populations is the determining factor to explain the return of animals in contaminated areas