Non-nuclear applications of radiation. Irradiation of biological material and small animal research

Events induced by ionizing radiation are exploited in diverse fields of scientific research, and the application of this technology has for many years offered advantages over alternative approaches. Mos biological research institutes are equipped with X-ray or gamma ray irradiations, which are used for a number of research purposes. The risk associated with the use of this equipment is negligible, since radiation sources are effectively shielded and the apparatus is fitted with multiple safety mechanisms. In addition, in type A gamma biological irradiators with a self shielded source, the gamma emitter cannot be accessed by operators, increasing operational safety. this type of gamma irradiator can be used for irradiation of experimental animals and various kinds of tissue sample, and is a standard methodology for biological research in fields such as cardiovascular research and cancer. (Author) 7 refs.