In vivo distribution dynamics of gold nanoparticles: a quantitative analysis

Advances in biomedical nanotechnology have spurred extensive research into gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) due to their unique properties that make them suitable for applications such as diagnostics, photothermal therapy, and targeted drug delivery. The surface functionalization of AuNPs allows for the modulation of their interactions with biological systems, which is crucial for optimizing biodistribution and minimizing toxic effects. This study aims to investigate the biodistribution of gum arabic (GA) functionalized AuNPs in Balb/C Nude mice following intravenous administration, in two dosage regimens (200 µCi and 600 µCi) and two time periods (3 and 24 hours). Observations highlight significant accumulation in the gallbladder, in addition to variations in biodistribution profiles that underscore the relevance of dose and time in the tissue distribution of AuNPs. Previous studies reinforce the importance of a detailed understanding of the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of AuNPs to ensure their clinical applicability and safety, identifying primary accumulation in organs such as the liver and spleen, and assessing potential late toxic effects. (author)