A method for determining d–D neutron energies in a large sample

Highlights: • The method is proposed to determine the d–D neutron energy irradiating on the large sample. • The theoretical formula for the calculation of the mean neutron energy is obtained. • Using the proposed equations, the average neutron energies in the Ti–D solid and D₂ gas targets were calculated. • The results of theoretical calculation compared with the literature values. - Abstract: The energy of monoenergetic neutrons generated by the D(d,n)³He reaction was determined as a function of emergent angle and incidence energy of d⁺-beam, E_n(θ,E_d). Based on the geometric size of the experimental sample, position of the sample relative to the Ti–D solid or D₂ gas targets, volume distribution of D₂ gas targets, theoretical formulas were obtained for calculating the mean neutron energy required to irradiate a large sample. Using these formulas, the mean neutron energies of the Ti–D solid and D₂ gas targets irradiating a large sample were calculated under various conditions. The results were compared to those reported in the literature. The formulas obtained in this study were found to be applicable for the determination of mean neutron energy irradiating a large sample for the Ti–D solid and D₂ gas targets