Radioisotopes speciation and biological availability in freshwater

Supposed speciation can increase by one order of magnitude the biological availability of actinides in freshwater, such an increase being exceptional. Raw modeling purposes can usefully be satisfied with the existing data. More precise information is necessary for exact estimations of radioactivity hazards in case of severe local radiocontaminations in specific freshwater bodies. This symposium thus is very useful to provide information on the link between speciation and biological and ecotoxicological end-effects, including the metabolic pathways of different physiochemical forms of a specific radionuclide. Bioaccessability of organisms for nuclides has to be checked as carefully as bioavailability of nuclides. (author)