SUc(3) ⨂ SUL(4) UN(1) model with three Higgs quadruplets

Full text: We introduce the 3-4-1 model with exotic electric charges by adding only three scalars quadruplets, with the aim of reducing the large number of scalar particles of the model. We only take a minimum amount of scalars such as to provide the correct number of Goldstone bosons that render the degrees of freedom needed for the gauge boson masses. The masses for the fermionic content will originate from the Yukawa couplings and, partly, by effective operators. In fact, the reduction carried out in the scalar content results more suitable for the phenomenology of the model. In this context, we have discarded the scalar decuplet which, otherwise, is responsible for generating masses for the leptons. In contrast, we use non-renormalizable effective operators arising as low energy scale terms from a more fundamental theory at a higher scale. We also compute the Landau pole value of the model that characterizes the energy scale where the model loses its perturbative character, since in this model the Weinberg angle is bounded from above, sin2 θW < 0:25. In addition, we perform an analysis of the evolution of the coupling constants of the model, using the renormalization group equations both, for an energy range below and above the 3-4-1 symmetry breaking scale, considering the SM effective degrees of freedom and all the 3-4-1 model degrees of freedom, respectively. We also note an important feature of this model concerning the embedding of a 3-3-1 model with right-handed neutrinos. Such a 3-3-1 model does not present the usual Landau pole as the minimal 3-3-1 model, but when embedded in the 3-4-1 model, the Landau pole also limits its perturbative regime, which is a nice feature to be considered when dealing with fermion mass and the reduction of the scalar sector in the 3-3-1 model with right-handed neutrinos. (author)