The true geodynamics of Fennoscandia, the insanity of a final unguarded bedrock deposition, and the possibility to use the Drd-method

For 20 years it has been claimed by the Swedish and Finnish nuclear agencies (KBS, SKB, TVO etc.) that we are in the possession of a safe method for the final deposition of high-level nuclear waste. By 'safe' they mean full guarantees for the immense time period of 'many hundreds of thousands of years' By 'final', they mean that the waste is left by itself in the bedrock at a depth of 500 m, without any control and without any real means of retrieval. For 20 years, Moerner has claimed that this is sheer nonsense. No one can give such guarantees over such long time periods. Furthermore, the geodynamic facts give a totally different picture. Our Precambrian crystalline bedrock is, by no means, as stable and reliable as claimed. Only some 10,000 years back in time, the seismic activity was tremendously high, in amplitude as well as in frequency. In such an environment - to be repeated at the next future ice age (estimated to occur 5,000 AP, 23,000 AP and 70,000 AP) - we can, of course, give no guarantees for a waste disposal in the bedrock, on the contrary, most facts suggest that it would be seriously damaged. We have disclosed the occurrence of an immense earthquake in the autumn 10,430 varve years BP. The liquefaction structures of this event seem to cover an area larger than the famous 1964 earthquake in Alaska. By studies of seismites in the glacial varves, we have shown that there, in the Stockholm area, were four (maybe more) events with a time spacing only of some 20 varves indicating a very high frequency of seismic events. Bedrock caves (Boda, Gillberga, Torekulla, etc.) and post glacially fractured bedrock hills and surfaces occur all over the country. Their genesis is not yet fully understood. They may be the effects of earthquakes or, even worse, the result of methane venting. Under all circumstances, their mere occurrence precludes any claim of total, long-term safety for a bedrock repository. We will report on our first findings regarding a major paleo-seismic event from a major, SKB supported, study of the Boda cave system. In the absence of true long-term safety, we can only propose that the waste produced: (1) is kept at a minimum, (2) is stored under constant control, (3) is kept accessible for reparations as well as possible future innovations of how to render the waste harmless (transmutation, plutonium burning, etc.). Therefore, we can do nothing but propose the utilisation of the DRD-method which, at least, has a safety of 5,000 years (i. e. up to the next glaciation; which, in our opinion, is also the ultimate limit for the KBS/SKB-method)