Generalized Hall effect as a modification of ideal magnetohydrodynamics

The generalized Hall effect (GHE) in the generalized Hall model (GHM) is studied as a correction to ideal magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) in the context of how it affects the linear stability of cylindrically symmetric equilibria and how it changes helically symmetric equilibria. The GHM differs from what is usually called the Hall model by including the electron pressure in the electron-momentum equations. This gives the GHM some aspects of a two-fluid model, whereas the Hall model is a one-fluid model. In both cases of cylindrical and helical symmetry, the presence of the electron pressure gradient as part of the GHE gives rise to an electric field tangent to the boundary of the plasma. This introduces an additional boundary condition in the case of a perfectly conducting plasma boundary. In the case of helical symmetry, the equilibrium equations are a generalization of the Grad-Shafranov equation to equilibria with flow and GHE. In the case of cylindrical symmetry, a class of Alfven-wave solutions that do not exist in ideal MHD is obtained and the accumulation point, with respect to large radial wavenumber, of the slow magnetoacoustic wave is shown to be changed from a finite nonzero value in ideal MHD to infinity by the GHE>