A methodology to planing environmental strategies for the river water management in the event of emergency by accidental spills using the alarm models. Case of study the almendares river

One of the most current problems in the world, and even more in the underdeveloped countries, is the contamination of the rivers. Historically, the rivers have been used for industrial and domestic wastes deposition. The growing industrial development and the increase of the population at global level have caused the increase of the production of residual, however, this phenomenon has not been accompanied, in general, of an environmental politics that guarantees the preservation of the river's water quality. There is a growing recognition around the world that the water quality models are very useful tools to plan sanitary strategies for the handling of the contamination and recovering the quality. The task is then to obtain a model that represents better the characteristics of the system. In the present work it propose a methodology to stablish the alarm models to prognoses the evolution of an accidental spill that allows the authorities to take corrective actions at the right time, if necessary. The methodology includes the use of tracers to determine the hydrodynamic parameters of the rivers and the mathematical convolution procedure to treat the experimental data. The methodology was developed for the Almendares River and could be used for any other river