Some aspects of the ionosphere in the presence of the negative labile molecular ions of oxygen

We have considered the ionosphere as a single layer, whose ionization density and temperature increase with the height. The drift velocity of energy u and the ratio c/u proportional to the apparent height measured on the ionograms have been computed. We have also analysed the coupling of the waves to the negative labile molecular ions of oxygen (NLMIO) and have established two mechanisms for this coupling. It was proved that in the ionosphere there are regions in which the NLMIO are built up with maximum likelihood. The existence of ionospheric channels around wave frequencies twice or three times greater than the critical frequencies has been explained. (author)