Statistical law of laser echo disturbance characteristics under atmospheric turbulence

Atmospheric turbulence significantly affects laser transmission and echo. The size of the echo cross section and the distribution of energy are important parameters to obtain target information. In this paper, the speckle characteristics of laser echo are analyzed using field experiments with different detection distances. The energy attenuation law is observed, and the statistical law governing the cross-sectional area and energy of the echo light spot is determined based on the time variability of atmospheric turbulence. The research shows that in order to obtain stable return laser beam interference information, the current weather situation and the strength of atmospheric turbulence should be considered, and the corresponding interference region should be selected according to the detection distance. Although the size and energy of the echo cross section are directly affected by the detection distance, the variation trend remains consistent and indicates a clear statistical law that provides a strong basis for laser interferometry. (author)