Cardiopulmonary transplantation: when to indicate?

Cardiopulmonary transplantation (CPT) peaked in the late 1980s and early 1990s, with almost 300 transplants performed each year worldwide. With the advances in the treatment of heart and lung failure, this number has dropped considerably, and in 2017 only 62 CPTs were performed worldwide.1,2 There is a huge discussion about the profile of patients who can benefit from CPT and the best time for its indication. (author)