Realization of a high quality factor resonator with hollow dielectric cylinders for axion searches

The realization and characterization of a high quality factor resonator composed of two hollow-dielectric cylinders with its pseudo-TM₀₃₀ mode resonating at 10.9 GHz frequency is discussed. The quality factor was measured at the temperatures 300 K and 4 K obtaining ${\text{Q}}_{300\text{K}}=(150,000\pm 2,000)$ and ${\text{Q}}_{4\text{K}}=(720,000\pm 10,000)$respectively, the latter corresponding to a gain of one order of magnitude with respect to a traditional copper cylindrical-cavity with the corresponding TM₀₁₀ mode resonating at the same frequency. The implications to dark-matter axion-searches with cavity experiments are discussed showing that the gain in quality factor is not spoiled by a reduced geometrical coupling $C_{030}$ of the cavity mode to the axion field. This reduction effect is estimated to be at most 20%. Numerical simulations show that frequency tuning of several hundreds MHz is feasible.