Magnetic-susceptibility and low-temperature specific-heat studies of Ti, Zr, and Hf

The results of magnetic-susceptibility and low-temperature specific-heat measurements of high-purity Zr and highest-obtainable-purity Hf are presented, together with data for high-purity Ti taken from an earlier publication by the present authors. The observed susceptibility components of the Zr single crystal (χ∥=1.65₆, χ⊥=1.09₂ μemu/g) confirm the results of another recent measurement; and susceptibility data for Hf single crystals (χ∥=0.53₁; χ⊥=0.35₄ μemu/g) are reported for the first time. With the aid of the calorimetric data, values of ${\chi }_{orb}$ are deduced to be 125, 100, and 75 μemu/mole for Ti, Zr, and Hf, respectively. A possible mechanism for the susceptibility temperature dependence in these metals is suggested.