An effective method for thallium bromide purification and research on crystal properties

Thallium bromide (TlBr) is a promising candidate for room-temperature X- and gamma-ray detectors in view of its excellent intrinsic features. However, material purity and crystal quality concerns still limit the use of TlBr crystals as detectors. In this work, a combination of hydrothermal recrystallization (HR) and vacuum distillation (VD) methods were applied to purify TlBr salts prior to crystal growth. Trace impurities at the ppb/ppm level were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS). The results showed that the impurity concentrations of the TlBr salt decreased significantly after HR and VD purification, and high performance of the resultant TlBr crystal in areas such as electrical and optical properties was achieved. The combination of HR and VD methods could fabricate purer material, with an order of magnitude higher resistivity and better optical quality, than HR or VD method used separately. The possible technological considerations affecting the parameters of the crystals are investigated. - Highlights: ► The effectiveness of purification can be increased by combining different purification methods. ► A pure material with a sum of impurity concentrations of approximately 300 ppb was obtained. ► Good electrical and optical properties were achieved via combination of purification methods.