Study of the possibility of reducing the background HPGe detectors

The aim of this work is to study the background HPGe semiconductor detectors. There are described the effects of creating a dominant background in general and focusing on semiconductor detectors. The main theme is the impact of cosmic rays and cosmic muons, namely, because they are relatively important component of the continuous background in detectors placed in low-background screens in laboratories on Earth's surface. There are also the experimental measurements documenting the impact of specific measures to reduce the detector background. In the simulation we use Monte Carlo model of a particular individual HPGe detector and low-background lead shield of the Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Comenius University. (author)