Economics of energy for transportation

It was recognized only in the last years that the increasing motorization led to unbearable effects on the environment, especially in urban areas. Special attention must be paid to the noise and exhaust gas of road vehicles. Possible solutions of these problems must, however, take into account the energy consumption. Limited energy resources make us accept the low-loss usage of these resources as a future task of same importance as the environmentla protection. In a few decades, crude-oil products will have to be replaced by secondary energies, derived from nuclear energy and coal. Synthetic liquids like methyl-alcohol or gases like hydrogen have in common with the secondary energy electricity that they can be produced with limited efficiency only and thus have to be used economically. (orig./UA)