Theoretical study of dc-biased single-surface multipactors

The physical characteristics of a dc-biased single-surface multipactor are investigated, and a novel scheme of the multipactor that uses a photonic crystal cavity resonator maximizing insulation gap distance is introduced. With a restriction of no premature impact, a resonant rf phase minimizing rf electric field is analytically obtained, which is universal for any surface material. The surface material properties bring about a restriction of secondary electron energy by which some backscattered, high energy electrons may have no fixed resonant phases. With an assumption of zero initial velocity, analytical derivations and a parametric map for the phase locking are presented. In the map, without possibility of premature impact, a bifurcation of a stable resonant phase into two stable resonant phases appears when the ratio of rf to dc electric field is over a critical value. This distinctive phenomenon is demonstrated by a three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation.