Treatment outcome and prognostic factors in non-metastatic esophageal carcinoma

Objective was to investigate the therapeutic outcome and prognostic factors in patients with non-metastatic esophageal carcinoma. Between January 1989 and December 2003, 171 patients with non-metastatic esophageal carcinoma were retrospectively assessed in the Department of Radiation and Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Turkey. The distribution of stage at presentation designated 39 stage II patients (23%) and 132 stage III patients (77%). The primary tumors were treated with surgery and postoperative radiotherapy (RT) in 29 patients (17%), with surgery and postoperative (RT) and chemotherapy (CT) in 17 patients (10%), with radical RT in 40 patients (23%), and with RT and CT in 47 patients (27%). Fourteen patients (8%) did not receive any postoperative adjuvant treatment. Two and three-year survival rates of the whole group were 27.0% and 14.8% respectively. Clinical staging was the only statistically significant prognostic factor by multivariate analyses (p=0.04). Median survivals by the treatment groups were 12.5 months for surgery alone, 16 months for surgery plus postoperative RT, 15 months in surgery plus postoperative chemoradiotherapy, 9 months in radical RT alone and 17 months in the chemoradiotherapy group. Survival advantage was not demonstrated postoperative RT or RT plus CT. Outcomes were similar between the patients treated with surgery and chemoradiotherapy (p=0.54). Patients treated with chemoradiotherapy had a longer survival than patients treated with only RT (p=0.05). (author)