Medium-energy heavy-ion collisions - phase space models

The aim of this lecture is to show that a large part of reaction mechanisms can be understood just developing simple phase space models where one can quantitatively estimate one- and two-body contributions. In the first part medium-energy corrections to one- and two-body dissipation are analysed, also discussing the chance of important effects of giant-resonance excitations in reaction mechanisms. In the second part applications are shown to peripheral fragmentation, statistical emission of pions and hard photons, incomplete fusion and subthreshold pion production. (orig./HSI)