Passion fruit-like structure endows Li3V2(PO4)3@C/CNT composite with superior cyclic stability and rate performance

Highlights: • Passion fruit-like structure is rationally designed for LVP composite. • LVP nanoparticles as seeds are embedded into carbon matrix as pulp. • Intertwined CNTs formed a 3D conductive network connect LVP grains. • Porous structure facilitates the electrolyte penetration. • This biomimetic structure promotes the rate capability and lifespan of LVP cathode. -- Abstract: Monoclinic Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃ (LVP) fulfills safety requirements including superior chemical and thermal stabilities since the oxygen atoms are firmly anchored in PO₄³⁻ units, however the low intrinsic electronic conductivity strictly limits its electrochemical performance. Herein, to overcome this problem, a rationally designed passion fruit-like LVP@C/CNT composite constructed with LVP grains as seeds, carbon matrix as pulp, and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as filaments, has been prepared via a facile spray pyrolysis method. In such unique biomimetic structure, carbon matrix encases LVP to reduce its particle size, which is beneficial to shorten ion pathways; Porous structure scattered around carbon matrix facilitates the rapid penetration of electrolyte; 3D CNT networks afford high-speed electron conduction and remarkable structural stability by forming the bridges between LVP grains. Owing to the multiple merits of this biomimetic structure, the rationally designed LVP@C/CNT composite with 3 wt% CNT exhibits high reversible capacity, superior cyclic stability and remarkable rate capability.