Heavy ion injection for tandem accelerators

The advantages are reviewed for high energy (megavolt) injection of tandem accelerators during heavy ion operation. It is pointed out that beam transmission, loading, critical injected currents, total voltage effect and pulsed beam operation can all be significantly improved using high energy injection. The advent of reliable and long lived negative ion sources makes possible compact, pressurized injectors that allow any tandem facility to get the substantial advantage of high energy injection. (Auth.)