Giant resonances in heavy ion collisions on nuclei

Giant Dipole Resonances (GDR) on ground nuclear states of cold nuclei, which have represented an excitation of collective vibrations from external oscillating electromagnetic fields, has intensively been studied, after it were discovered [1], in photonuclear reactions during long time after fifties of the last century. GDR parameters at many nuclei, obtained from total absorption, different partial cross sections, and their systematic were established. However, according Axel - Brink hypothesis [2, 3], global features of GDR reflect basic foundations of nuclear forces and does not depend from an excitation way.