Enrichment of ash and slag waste generated by burning of fuels with additives

The existence of opportunities and prospects for scarce metals extraction from ash and slag waste of high-sulphur fuel oil burning was noted. The volatile ash produced during fuel combustion consisting mainly of metal oxides contains highly toxic substances. Their binding in a zone of burning of fuel is important not only for the purpose of extraction and further use in industry, but also to prevent their harmful environmental impact. It was shown that in the case of petroleum fuel oil an effective way to improve the performance of the fuel while maximizing the adverse environmental consequences of its combustion is to develop new generation effective fuel additives and improve filtration systems for flue gases. It has been established that the use of additives based on carbonate sludge makes it possible to achieve greater binding of metal oxides to non-volatile compounds in the burning zone of the fuel and their reduction in the composition of the emission gases. The mutual using of carbonate additives with the admixture of carbon nanotubes the effect may be even greater. Rational ash and slag waste utilization through the use of their beneficial properties will allow to free occupied areas and reduce environmental damage to the environment. (paper)