Isopiestic study of quaternary mutual aqueous-salt systems formed from alkali metal sulfates and chlorides or nitrates

A relation for calculating osmotic coefficients of quaternary mutual aqueous-salt systems containing different-valent ions taking into account stoichiometric coefficients of ion exchange reaction is determined. Deviations of the experimental data on inverse total concentration and osmotic coefficients from the calculated ones are determined and the effect of anion and cation nature on these deviations is shown. The ion exchange equilibrium shift in the studied systems is estimated and its direction is determined