Graphites and C/C Composites for Generation IV Nuclear Reactors

Carbonaceous materials have always been associated with the development of nuclear energy, from Enrico Fermi's 'Chicago Pile-1', to first and second generation reactors, and finally for fourth generation reactors. If, due to its thermal and mechanical properties, graphite was used as structural material and neutron moderator as early as 1942, Carbon/Carbon materials have been identified as candidates for many components of Generation IV reactors (control rods, hot duct assembly, heat exchangers..). They possess exceptional characteristics, both in terms of mechanical and thermal properties. The minimization of dimensional changes under high neutron fluence remains the main key point for the development of control rods, which is the principle application studied. (authors)