Numerical study on the transient operations of the heatpipe with the arbitrary and multiple heat sources

Transient operations of the heatpipe are studied under the multiple heat sources at arbitrary positions. One dimensional models for vapor continuity and energy conservation with the solid/liquid conduction equations are numerically solved under fully implicit time marching. The liquid/vapor interfacial heat transfer coefficients are mathematically modelled from the kinetic theories of the condensation and evaporation mass fluxes. All the vapor properties such as density, pressure, latent heat, and heat capacity are obtained from the functions of temperature at saturated condition. The detailed internal recirculating flows carrying the thermal energy can be observed due to solving the vapor continuity equation