Mechanical and biological properties of polycaprolactone/fibrin nanocomposite adhesive produced by electrospinning method

Biopolymer nanocomposites exhibit an important role in regulating cell function in tissue engineering applications. Rapid degradation and good biological activities of these nanocomposites make them suitable for use in orthopaedic and medical applications. In this study, a polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffold and fibrin glue were used as a matrix and reinforcement, respectively. PCL/fibrin nanocomposites with different aspect ratios were synthesized and used as a bioactive adhesive. The tensile strength of PCL/fibrin was measured using a tensile machine-equipped polymer load cell. Microstructural analysis of PCL and PCL/fibrin nanocomposites was investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy. Microstructure results showed suitable porosity with proper distribution and size in the PCL–fibrin nanocomposites with a 1/10 aspect ratio. The results of wettability showed that fibrin as reinforcement in PCL decreased the contact angle and improved hydrophilic properties. The adhesion properties of PCL and PCL/fibrin scaffolds were determined by the $4^{\prime }$, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole test. Mesenchymal stem cells were cultured on the PCL and PCL/fibrin scaffolds. The results showed more and better adhesion of cells on the PCL/fibrin adhesive. A 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide test was performed on the scaffolds to determine cell viability and biocompatibility. The statistical results confirmed that the cell growth is higher on the PCL/fibrin after 4 days.