Polarization precession and relaxation of positive muons in polycrystals and single crystals with diamond or zincblende structure

A complete analysis is presented of the behavior of muon polarization in anomalous muonium in polycrystals with diamond and zincblende structure. The specific depolarization mechanism in polycrystals, connected with the dependence of the precession frequency in O-Mu on the symmetry-axis orientation relative to the magnetic field and with the corresponding dephasing of the precession frequencies is considered. It is shown that in both weak and strong magnetic fields this depolarization obeys a power law. It is shown that an experiment with polycrystals can determine all the hyperfine-structure parameters of anomalous muonium. The experimentally observed picture is in a certain sense simpler than in single crystals. Muon depolarization due to spin-exchange scattering of the muonium electron by the electrons of the medium is considered. It is shown that the spin-exchange relaxation in T-Mu is determined by a single constant in n- and p-type semiconductors. The relaxation in O-Mu is determined by a single constant in n-type semiconductors and by two constants in p-type. The rate of the ''true'' depolarization of the muon in O-Mu depends on the orientation of the single crystal in a magnetic field at low as well as at high exchange frequencies