The impact of incident wave angle and air hole radius parameter on the optical responses of a GaAs-based 2D photonic crystal, using the FDFD method

This work examines the numerical simulation of a finite-difference method in the frequency domain to analyze the reflection and transmission in a two-dimensional photonic crystal. We choose a crystal of the type connected structure Gallium arsenide (GaAs) with a refractive index of 3.5 and a wavelength range of 500-1500 nm. A square lattice forms the structure and air holes periodically modulate it. This model computes optical responses by considering the effects of transverse electrical and magnetic (TE, TM) electromagnetic waves, the incident angle, and the radius of air holes in the photonic crystal, which can be used to manipulate electromagnetic waves, particularly in the visible domain, and the type of polarization (electric or magnetic) all have a direct effect on how the photonic bandgap appears, where it is, and how bread it is. These results are significant because they advance our understanding of the control of electromagnetic fields in two-dimensional photonic crystals and may have implications for the development of optical devices and technologies based on light manipulation, particularly in the visible range. (author)