Electrochemical sensor based on graphene-modified GCE for rapid quantification of benzo(a)pyrene in dark rubber materials

Electrochemical sensor was constructed by depositing graphene on glassy carbon electrode (GCE), and the electrochemical properties of benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) were characterized. An oxidation peak was observed at 1.13 V according to the cyclic voltammogram with no reduction peak appeared. The differential pulse voltammetry revealed that sorption time and acid concentration play a prominent role in the oxidation of BaP-acetonitrile-NaClO₄. A good linear relationship between oxidation peak current and concentration within the range from 0.5 to 30 ng mL⁻¹ was developed. The limit of detection was calculated as 0.08 ng mL⁻¹. Further, this reliable method was applied for BaP determination of the dark rubber materials on graphene-modified GCE. The advantages of its sensitivity and portability were noteworthy for the sample pretreatment and rapid quantification of BaP compared with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method. (paper)