Thermalization efficiency of superconducting absorbers for thermal X-ray microcalorimeters

The persistence of long living quasiparticles created in the energy thermalization process can affect the performances of a thermal X-ray microcalorimeter with superconducting absorber. Numerical simulations indicate that in an absorber made of high-purity Sn, operated at temperatures lower than 100 mK, up to 60% of the deposited energy can remain trapped in the quasiparticle system for a time much longer than the time scale of the thermal sensor response, producing a reduction of the SNR of the detector. Other pure superconductors can present the same problem and therefore a microscopic analysis of the physical properties can be useful to identify suitable absorbing materials and optimize the detector performances