Ion implantation of engineering materials

The technique of ion implantation and its relative merits are described for the purpose of improving the durability of engineering tools and components. The distinction between ion implantation and ion plating is outlined. Two main areas of application, namely for protection against wear and corrosion, are then discussed with examples in a number of technologically important materials such as steels and cemented carbides. The corrosion aspects considered here are mainly those of thermal oxidation in oxygen or CO2. It is shown that not only can ion implantation be a long-lasting and economic means of treating a wide range of engineering components, but it has also thrown new light on the mechanisms of wear and corrosion within shallow surface layers of well-controlled composition. Finally, the equipment requirements for carrying out the process are reviewed briefly. (author)