Implications of nitrogen fertilization for in-situ bioremediation of petroleum-contaminated soils

In situ bioremediation is a promising and rapidly evolving technology for the cleanup of contaminated soils. Although the principles of biodegradation are not new, they are being applied to field remediations in novel ways. Likewise, the metabolic requirements for nitrogen and phosphorus during biodegradation are well-established. However, their effect on the quality of biodegradation still needs delineation. In addition to the physiological effects of mineral nutrients, their mobility and bioavailability in soil becomes critical during an in-situ bioremediation. Studies in the authors laboratory have investigated the effect of different types of fertilizers on hydrocarbon biodegradation in a variety of contaminated soils. Results indicate that the amount and/or species of fertilizer may affect not only the rate of biodegradation, but also the quality of biodegradation, i.e. mineralization of CO2