Thermotransport of hydrogen and deuterium in vanadium-niobium, vanadium-titanium, and vanadium-chromium alloys

Thermotransport of hydrogen and deuterium in vanadium alloyed with either niobium, titanium, or chromium is much greater than in pure vanadium, and additions of vanadium to niobium similarly increase thermotransport of hydrogen and deuterium over that observed in pure niobium. In all cases, the heat of transport was positive and was significantly greater for deuterium than for hydrogen. The results are consistent with an atomistic model in which the temperature dependence of atomic jump frequencies is the dominant factor in thermotransport with a small bias in the direction of atomic jumps. There is evidence that differences between the heats of transport for hydrogen and deuteriu may be related to isotope effects in the activation energies for diffusion