Edge Localized Mode (ELM). 2. Various types of ELMs

ELM (Edge Localized Mode) is an intermittent and periodic release phenomenon of heat and particle generated at the surrounding transport barrier, and one of factors to determine the pedestal structure. Outline of ELM phenomena and various types of ELMs, and ELM control for ITER is stated. There are Type I ELMy H mode, Type III ELM, EDA H-mode, Quiescent H-mode, Type II ELM mode, and Grassy ELM mode. The most general ELM is Type I ELM, which generated if the pedestal pressure attained to the threshold of MHD safety. Type I ELMy H mode keeps the good confinement state, but it has to reduce outflow energy, because the large energy outflow effects on wear on the divertor plate and plasma performance. Effects of ELM on ITER design and operation, application of various ELM control methods to ITER, and the resonance magnetic perturbation supply method are explained. (S.Y.)