Implementation of the sterile insect release programme to eradicate the codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Olethreutidae), in British Columbia, Canada

The sterile insect release (SIR) programme to eradicate the codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), from the Okanagan region by the year 2000 has begun. The SIR programme includes about 8000 ha of apple and pear trees. In many orchards, the cessation of insecticidal sprays for codling moth control should permit apples to be grown without pesticide applications during the fruit development period, a major environmental and economic benefit. Research done by M.D. Proverbs and colleagues over twenty years has established techniques for rearing, sterilizing and releasing codling moths. However, the SIR costs estimated from a pilot project were more than twice those of chemical sprays to control the pest. Nevertheless, recent studies have shown that a programme would be economical if only the minimum required number of moths was released, if the eradication area was treated in steps and if reinfestation was prevented. The British Columbia Fruit Growers' Association helped to develop an implementation plan which included a budget, a revenue scheme and a political and administrative framework. The plan was approved by the municipal governing bodies in the region, as well as the Provincial and Federal Governments. Enabling legislation was passed in 1989. Funds for equipment and a rearing facility to produce about five million moths per week were provided by the two senior governments, and the municipal governing bodies will collect property taxes and parcel based on the orchard are to cover the operational costs. The first phase of the programme, wild population reduction, started in 1992; the second, sterile moth release, will begin in 1994, and the third, prevention of reinfestation, will start in 1997. Recent improvements in the rearing procedures will increase efficiency and production security, and reduce worker health hazards. The integrated pest management systems in apples and pears may require some changes when the moth release phase of SIR begins. (author). 18 refs